HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUSES 6 AND 11 TYPES: PREVALENCE, PATHOGENICITY AND ONCOGENICITY
S.V. Vinokurova
For quotation:
Vinokurova S.V. Human papillomaviruses types 6 and 11: prevalence, pathogenicity
and oncogenicity. Questions of practical colposcopy. Genital infections. 2022; (4): 6–16.
DOI 10.46393/27826392_2022_4_6
Annotation:
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 6 and 11 are low-risk HPVs, which reflect the likelihood of malignancy of the infected cervical epithelium compared with high-carcinogenic risk HPVs, such as HPV types 16 and 18. However, low-risk HPVs (HPV 6 and 11) are etiologically associated with the formation of about 2% of anogenital malignancies. In addition, widespread benign lesions associated with HPV types 6 and 11, such as exophytic anogenital condylomas (AC) and laryngeal papillomatosis (LP), have the potential for malignant transformation in the long-term recurrent course of the disease. In the group of people with an increased risk of virus-associated lesions, the frequency of malignant transformation increases many times even with HPV types 6 and 11 infection. Such risk groups include people with various types of genetic predisposition, with primary and secondary immunodeficiency conditions. Infection with HPV types 6 and 11 is extremely common among young men and women. By infecting the mucous membranes of the anogenital area and the upper respiratory tract, HPV types 6 and 11 cause mainly benign lesions, such as AK and PG. According to numerous studies, HPV 6 or HPV 11 are detected in AC and PG in almost 100% of cases.
Laryngeal papillomatosis is one of the most common tumor diseases of the upper respiratory tract, occurring in both children and adults. Juvenile respiratory papillomatosis is a pressing problem in pediatric otorhinolaryngology. Transmission of the virus to a newborn is possible both during childbirth and transplacentally, which is the cause of the development of pharyngeal papillomatosis and/or AK in newborns and children. Respiratory papillomas are primarily located in the larynx, but approximately 17% of patients have tracheal involvement and 5% have pulmonary involvement. A feature of the clinical course of PG in children is its tendency to recur, requiring multiple surgical procedures. In the most severe cases of PG, surgery is performed under general anesthesia to maintain airway patency - at least once every three
weeks. Respiratory papillomatosis is characterized by a high risk of malignant transformation. The problem of treating respiratory papillomatosis in children and adults still remains largely unresolved. In addition, human papillomavirus infection, provoked, among other things, by HPV of low oncogenic risk, complicates the course of pregnancy, contributing to the development of the threat of its interruption, the formation of fetoplacental insufficiency, which adversely affects the condition of the fetus, is a risk factor for the transmission of HPV from mother to newborn and leads to the manifestation of intrauterine pregnancy. infections and damage to the central nervous system in the newborn.
Thus, HPV types 6 and 11 infection pose a significant burden to patients and healthcare in general due to the recurrent nature of these lesions and the lack of effective treatments. Today, one of the effective methods of combating human papillomavirus infection is vaccine prevention. In this regard, along with highly oncogenic HPV, the vaccine includes components against HPV types 6 and 11. The current quadrivalent vaccine (against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18) has become widespread as a means of preventing HPV-associated malignant lesions and AK in both women and men.
Journal “Issues of practical colposcopy. Genital infections" No. 4_2022
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KfrNz5T3--Xwk1nZeQh6ACliastp3pV-/view
S.V. Vinokurova
For quotation:
Vinokurova S.V. Human papillomaviruses types 6 and 11: prevalence, pathogenicity
and oncogenicity. Questions of practical colposcopy. Genital infections. 2022; (4): 6–16.
DOI 10.46393/27826392_2022_4_6
Annotation:
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 6 and 11 are low-risk HPVs, which reflect the likelihood of malignancy of the infected cervical epithelium compared with high-carcinogenic risk HPVs, such as HPV types 16 and 18. However, low-risk HPVs (HPV 6 and 11) are etiologically associated with the formation of about 2% of anogenital malignancies. In addition, widespread benign lesions associated with HPV types 6 and 11, such as exophytic anogenital condylomas (AC) and laryngeal papillomatosis (LP), have the potential for malignant transformation in the long-term recurrent course of the disease. In the group of people with an increased risk of virus-associated lesions, the frequency of malignant transformation increases many times even with HPV types 6 and 11 infection. Such risk groups include people with various types of genetic predisposition, with primary and secondary immunodeficiency conditions. Infection with HPV types 6 and 11 is extremely common among young men and women. By infecting the mucous membranes of the anogenital area and the upper respiratory tract, HPV types 6 and 11 cause mainly benign lesions, such as AK and PG. According to numerous studies, HPV 6 or HPV 11 are detected in AC and PG in almost 100% of cases.
Laryngeal papillomatosis is one of the most common tumor diseases of the upper respiratory tract, occurring in both children and adults. Juvenile respiratory papillomatosis is a pressing problem in pediatric otorhinolaryngology. Transmission of the virus to a newborn is possible both during childbirth and transplacentally, which is the cause of the development of pharyngeal papillomatosis and/or AK in newborns and children. Respiratory papillomas are primarily located in the larynx, but approximately 17% of patients have tracheal involvement and 5% have pulmonary involvement. A feature of the clinical course of PG in children is its tendency to recur, requiring multiple surgical procedures. In the most severe cases of PG, surgery is performed under general anesthesia to maintain airway patency - at least once every three
weeks. Respiratory papillomatosis is characterized by a high risk of malignant transformation. The problem of treating respiratory papillomatosis in children and adults still remains largely unresolved. In addition, human papillomavirus infection, provoked, among other things, by HPV of low oncogenic risk, complicates the course of pregnancy, contributing to the development of the threat of its interruption, the formation of fetoplacental insufficiency, which adversely affects the condition of the fetus, is a risk factor for the transmission of HPV from mother to newborn and leads to the manifestation of intrauterine pregnancy. infections and damage to the central nervous system in the newborn.
Thus, HPV types 6 and 11 infection pose a significant burden to patients and healthcare in general due to the recurrent nature of these lesions and the lack of effective treatments. Today, one of the effective methods of combating human papillomavirus infection is vaccine prevention. In this regard, along with highly oncogenic HPV, the vaccine includes components against HPV types 6 and 11. The current quadrivalent vaccine (against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18) has become widespread as a means of preventing HPV-associated malignant lesions and AK in both women and men.
Journal “Issues of practical colposcopy. Genital infections" No. 4_2022
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1KfrNz5T3--Xwk1nZeQh6ACliastp3pV-/view
